This project applies a multidisciplinary approach to the assessment of medical devices and laboratory equipment that utilize directed energy (DE). Inspired by the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-314), the goal of this research is to encourage compliance with relevant safety standards and promote adoption of the most effective techniques to identify product hazards rapidly. This will be accomplished by engaging the private sector, developing new device evaluation paradigms, and improving communication with DE product consumers. This project will impact the discourse on import safety in two ways: through the generation of a detailed database that will combine results from multiple scientific disciplines and the publication of safety manuals designed to inform the general public of research outcomes. Overall, this research effort will provide a richer understanding of the implications, from the molecular level to the global market, of the increased importation of DE devices.